Uploading CodeQL analysis results to GitHub

About SARIF output

GitHub creates code scanning alerts in a repository using information from Static Analysis Results Interchange Format (SARIF) files. SARIF is designed to represent the output of a broad range of static analysis tools, and there are many features in the SARIF specification that are considered "optional". The results must use SARIF version 2.1.0. For more information, see "SARIF support for code scanning."

After analyzing a CodeQL database using the CodeQL CLI, you will have a SARIF file that contains the results. For more information, see "Analyzing your code with CodeQL queries." You can then use the CodeQL CLI to upload results to GitHub.

If you used a method other than the CodeQL CLI to generate results, you can use other upload methods. For more information, see "Uploading a SARIF file to GitHub."

Generating a token for authentication with GitHub Enterprise Server

Before you can upload your results to GitHub Enterprise Server, you will first need to generate a personal access token.

• Personal access token (classic) requires "Code scanning alerts" Read and write access for the required repositories.
• Fine-grained personal access token requires "repo" security_events access.

For more information, see "Managing your personal access tokens."

If you have installed the CodeQL CLI in a third-party CI system to create results to display in GitHub as code scanning alerts, you can use a GitHub App or personal access token to upload results to GitHub Enterprise Server. For more information, see "Using code scanning with your existing CI system."

Uploading results to GitHub Enterprise Server

You can check that the SARIF properties have the supported size for upload and that the file is compatible with code scanning. For more information, see "SARIF support for code scanning".

Before you can upload results to GitHub Enterprise Server, you must determine the best way to pass the GitHub App or personal access token you created in the previous section to the CodeQL CLI. We recommend that you review your CI system's guidance on the secure use of a secret store. The CodeQL CLI supports:

• Interfacing with a secret store using the --github-auth-stdin option (recommended).
• Saving the secret in the environment variable GITHUB_TOKEN and running the CLI without including the --github-auth-stdin option.
• For testing purposes you can pass the --github-auth-stdin command-line option and supply a temporary token via standard input.

When you have decided on the most secure and reliable method for your configuration, run codeql github upload-results on each SARIF results file and include --github-auth-stdin unless the token is available in the environment variable GITHUB_TOKEN.

# GitHub App or personal access token available from a secret store
<call-to-retrieve-secret> | codeql github upload-results \
    --repository=<repository-name> \
    --ref=<ref> --commit=<commit> \
    --sarif=<file> --github-url=<URL> \
    --github-auth-stdin

# GitHub App or personal access token available in GITHUB_TOKEN
codeql github upload-results \
    --repository=<repository-name> \
    --ref=<ref> --commit=<commit> \
    --sarif=<file> --github-url=<URL> \
    

Option	Required	Usage
--repository		Specify the OWNER/NAME of the repository to upload data to. The owner must be an organization within an enterprise that has a license for GitHub Advanced Security and GitHub Advanced Security must be enabled for the repository. For more information, see "Managing security and analysis settings for your repository."
--ref		Specify the name of the ref you checked out and analyzed so that the results can be matched to the correct code. For a branch use: refs/heads/BRANCH-NAME, for the head commit of a pull request use refs/pull/NUMBER/head, or for the GitHub-generated merge commit of a pull request use refs/pull/NUMBER/merge.
--commit		Specify the full SHA of the commit you analyzed.
--sarif		Specify the SARIF file to load.
--github-url		Specify the URL for GitHub Enterprise Server.
--github-auth-stdin		Pass the CLI the GitHub App or personal access token created for authentication with GitHub's REST API from your secret store via standard input. This is not needed if the command has access to a GITHUB_TOKEN environment variable set with this token.

For more information, see "github upload-results."

Basic example of uploading results to GitHub Enterprise Server

The following example uploads results from the SARIF file temp/example-repo-js.sarif to the repository my-org/example-repo. It tells the code scanning API that the results are for the commit deb275d2d5fe9a522a0b7bd8b6b6a1c939552718 on the main branch. The example assumes that the GitHub App or personal access token created for authentication with GitHub's REST API uses the GITHUB_TOKEN environment variable.

codeql github upload-results \
    --repository=my-org/example-repo \
    --ref=refs/heads/main --commit=deb275d2d5fe9a522a0b7bd8b6b6a1c939552718 \
    --sarif=/temp/example-repo-js.sarif --github-url=https://HOSTNAME \
    

There is no output from this command unless the upload was unsuccessful. The command prompt returns when the upload is complete and data processing has begun. On smaller codebases, you should be able to explore the code scanning alerts in GitHub Enterprise Server shortly afterward. You can see alerts directly in the pull request or on the Security tab for branches, depending on the code you checked out. For more information, see "Triaging code scanning alerts in pull requests" and "Assessing code scanning alerts for your repository."

Uploading diagnostic information to GitHub Enterprise Server if the analysis fails

When CodeQL CLI finishes analyzing a database successfully, it gathers diagnostic information such as file coverage, warnings, and errors, and includes it in the SARIF file with the results. When you upload the SARIF file to GitHub the diagnostic information is displayed on the code scanning tool status page for the repository to make it easy to see how well CodeQL is working and debug any problems. For more information, see "About the tool status page for code scanning."

However, if codeql database analyze fails for any reason there is no SARIF file to upload to GitHub and no diagnostic information to show on the code scanning tool status page for the repository. This makes it difficult for users to troubleshoot analysis unless they have access to log files in your CI system.

We recommend that you configure your CI workflow to export and upload diagnostic information to GitHub Enterprise Server when an analysis fails. You can do this using the following simple commands to export diagnostic information and upload it to GitHub.

Exporting diagnostic information if the analysis fails

You can create a SARIF file for the failed analysis using "database export-diagnostics", for example:

$ codeql database export-diagnostics codeql-dbs/example-repo \
    --sarif-category=javascript-typescript --format=sarifv2.1.0 \
    --output=/temp/example-repo-js.sarif

This SARIF file will contain diagnostic information for the failed analysis, including any file coverage information, warnings, and errors generated during the analysis.

Uploading diagnostic information if the analysis fails

You can make this diagnostic information available on the tool status page by uploading the SARIF file to GitHub Enterprise Server using "github upload-results", for example:

codeql github upload-results \
    --repository=my-org/example-repo \
    --ref=refs/heads/main --commit=deb275d2d5fe9a522a0b7bd8b6b6a1c939552718 \
    --sarif=/temp/example-repo-js.sarif --github-url=https://HOSTNAME \
    

This is the same as the process for uploading SARIF files from successful analyses.