Working with the RubyGems registry

Prerequisites

• You must have RubyGems 2.4.1 or higher. To find your RubyGems version:

  $ gem --version

• You must have bundler 1.6.4 or higher. To find your Bundler version:

  $ bundle --version
  Bundler version 1.13.7

• Install keycutter to manage multiple credentials. To install keycutter:

  $ gem install keycutter

Authenticating to GitHub Package Registry

You need an access token to publish, install, and delete packages.

You can use a personal access token (PAT) to authenticate to GitHub Package Registry or the GitHub Enterprise Server API. When you create a personal access token, you can assign the token different scopes depending on your needs. For more information about packages-related scopes for a PAT, see "About permissions for GitHub Packages."

To authenticate to a GitHub Package Registry registry within a GitHub Actions workflow, you can use:

• GITHUB_TOKEN to publish packages associated with the workflow repository.
• a PAT to install packages associated with other private repositories (which GITHUB_TOKEN can't access).

Para obter mais informações sobre GITHUB_TOKEN usado nos fluxos de trabalho de GitHub Actions, consulteAutenticação em um fluxo de trabalho".

Authenticating with a personal access token

Você deve usar um token de acesso pessoal com os escopos apropriados para publicar e instalar pacotes no GitHub Package Registry. Para obter mais informações, consulte "Sobre GitHub Package Registry."

You can authenticate to GitHub Package Registry with RubyGems by editing the ~/.gem/credentials file for publishing gems, editing the ~/.gemrc file for installing a single gem, or using Bundler for tracking and installing one or more gems.

To publish new gems, you need to authenticate to GitHub Package Registry with RubyGems by editing your ~/.gem/credentials file to include your personal access token. Create a new ~/.gem/credentials file if this file doesn't exist.

For example, you would create or edit a ~/.gem/credentials to include the following, replacing TOKEN with your personal access token.

---
:github: Bearer TOKEN

To install gems, you need to authenticate to GitHub Package Registry by editing the ~/.gemrc file for your project to include https://USERNAME:TOKEN@REGISTRY-URL/OWNER/. You must replace:

• USERNAME with your GitHub username.
• TOKEN with your personal access token.
• OWNER with the name of the user or organization account that owns the repository containing your project.
• REGISTRY-URL with the URL for your instance's Rubygems registry. If your instance has subdomain isolation enabled, use rubygems.HOSTNAME. If your instance has subdomain isolation disabled, use HOSTNAME/_registry/rubygems. In either case, replace HOSTNAME with the hostname of your GitHub Enterprise Server instance.

If you don't have a ~/.gemrc file, create a new ~/.gemrc file using this example.

---
:backtrace: false
:bulk_threshold: 1000
:sources:
- https://rubygems.org/
- https://USERNAME:TOKEN@REGISTRY-URL/OWNER/
:update_sources: true
:verbose: true  

To authenticate with Bundler, configure Bundler to use your personal access token, replacing USERNAME with your GitHub username, TOKEN with your personal access token, and OWNER with the name of the user or organization account that owns the repository containing your project. Replace REGISTRY-URL with the URL for your instance's RubyGems registry. If your instance has subdomain isolation enabled, use rubygems.HOSTNAME. If your instance has subdomain isolation disabled, use HOSTNAME/_registry/rubygems. In either case, replace HOSTNAME with the hostname of your GitHub Enterprise Server instance.

$ bundle config https://REGISTRY-URL/OWNER USERNAME:TOKEN

Publishing a package

Por padrão, o GitHub publica o pacote em um repositório existente com o mesmo nome do pacote. For example, when you publish octo-gem to the octo-org organization, GitHub Package Registry publishes the gem to the octo-org/octo-gem repository. For more information on creating your gem, see "Make your own gem" in the RubyGems documentation.

Após publicar um pacote, você poderá visualizá-lo no GitHub. Para obter mais informações, consulte "Visualizar pacotes".

1. Autenticar para GitHub Package Registry. Para obter mais informações, consulte "Authenticating to GitHub Package Registry."

2. Build the package from the gemspec to create the .gem package.

   gem build OCTO-GEM.gemspec

3. Publish a package to GitHub Package Registry, replacing OWNER with the name of the user or organization account that owns the repository containing your project and OCTO-GEM with the name of your gem package. Replace REGISTRY-URL with the URL for your instance's Rubygems registry. If your instance has subdomain isolation enabled, use rubygems.HOSTNAME. If your instance has subdomain isolation disabled, use HOSTNAME/_registry/rubygems. In either case, replace HOSTNAME with the host name of your GitHub Enterprise Server instance.

   $ gem push --key github \
   --host https://REGISTRY-URL/OWNER \
   OCTO-GEM-0.0.1.gem

Publishing multiple packages to the same repository

To publish multiple gems to the same repository, you can include the URL to the GitHub repository in the github_repo field in gem.metadata. If you include this field, GitHub matches the repository based on this value, instead of using the gem name. Replace HOSTNAME with the host name of your GitHub Enterprise Server instance.

gem.metadata = { "github_repo" => "ssh://HOSTNAME/OWNER/REPOSITORY" }

Installing a package

You can use gems from GitHub Package Registry much like you use gems from rubygems.org. You need to authenticate to GitHub Package Registry by adding your GitHub user or organization as a source in the ~/.gemrc file or by using Bundler and editing your Gemfile.

1. Autenticar para GitHub Package Registry. Para obter mais informações, consulte "Authenticating to GitHub Package Registry."

2. For Bundler, add your GitHub user or organization as a source in your Gemfile to fetch gems from this new source. For example, you can add a new source block to your Gemfile that uses GitHub Package Registry only for the packages you specify, replacing GEM NAME with the package you want to install from GitHub Package Registry and OWNER with the user or organization that owns the repository containing the gem you want to install. Replace REGISTRY-URL with the URL for your instance's Rubygems registry. If your instance has subdomain isolation enabled, use rubygems.HOSTNAME. If your instance has subdomain isolation disabled, use HOSTNAME/_registry/rubygems. In either case, replace HOSTNAME with the host name of your GitHub Enterprise Server instance.

   source "https://rubygems.org"
   
   gem "rails"
   
   source "https://REGISTRY-URL/OWNER" do
     gem "GEM NAME"
   end
   

3. For Bundler versions earlier than 1.7.0, you need to add a new global source. For more information on using Bundler, see the bundler.io documentation.

   source "https://REGISTRY-URL/OWNER"
   source "https://rubygems.org"
   
   gem "rails"
   gem "GEM NAME"
   

4. Install the package:

   $ gem install octo-gem --version "0.1.1"