Teams give you the ability to create groups of members with read, write, or admin permissions to repositories that belong to the organization. Teams are also central to many of GitHub Enterprise's collaborative features, such as team @mentions to notify appropriate groups of people that you'd like to request their input or attention.
About improved organization permissions
Improved organization permissions give organizations fine-grained permissions designed to make it easier to use teams, control organization-wide settings, and improve security.
Repository permission levels for an organization
People with owner or team maintainer roles can manage repository access with teams. Each team can have different repository access permissions.
Converting your previous Owners team to the improved organization permissions
The "Owner" is now an administrative role given to individual members of your organization. Members of your legacy Owners team are automatically given owner privileges.
Creating a team
Use teams to give specific read, write, or admin access to repositories. Teams can also let you create groups of members with similar interests for easier collaboration.
Giving "team maintainer" permissions to an organization member
An organization owner can promote any member of the organization to team maintainer for a team, giving them a subset of privileges available to organization owners.